China vs Brazil: Population Comparison 2025

Compare China and Brazil population pyramids. Demographic analysis of major BRICS partners including aging China vs young Brazil, economic development patterns, and population structure contrasts.

China

2025
0
Total Population

Brazil

0
Total Population
Brazil leads by 1.20B people
Gap is 84.97% of China's population
Fertility Rate
1.00vs1.62
Brazil +0.62
Median Age
41.1vs35.8
Brazil younger
Density /km²
148vs65
Brazil 0.4x denser
Working Age %
69.7%vs69.1%
Ages 15-64
China: Declining Population
Brazil: Growing Population
Replacement Level: 2.1

Population Pyramids Comparison

Total Population

China

1416.1M

vs

Brazil

212.8M

Youth (0-14)

China

15.4%

vs

Brazil

19.4%

Elderly (65+)

China

14.9%

vs

Brazil

11.5%

Demographic Analysis: China vs Brazil

In 2025, China has a population of 1.42B, while Brazil has 213M. This represents a difference of 1.20B, with China having 6.7 times the population of the other. China ranks #2 globally by population size, while Brazil ranks #7.

The median age reveals significant demographic differences: China has a median age of 41.1 years, compared to 35.8 years in Brazil. This 5.3-year difference indicates that China has a significantly older population, with important implications for workforce dynamics, healthcare needs, and economic development. The dependency ratio in China is 43.5%, while in Brazil it is 44.6%, showing the relative burden of non-working age populations on the workforce.

Gender balance differs between the two countries: China has a sex ratio of 103.69 males per female, while Brazil has 96.77. China shows a higher proportion of males, which can affect marriage markets, labor force composition, and social dynamics. These ratios reflect various factors including sex-selective practices, differential mortality rates, and migration patterns.

Comprehensive Demographic Comparison 2025

IndicatorChinaBrazilDifference / Ratio
Population Metrics
Total Population (2025)1.42B213M6.7x larger
World Population Ranking#2#75 places apart
Population Growth Rate (5-year)-0.14%+0.39%0.54pp difference
Projected Growth (2025-2050)0.00%0.00%0.00pp difference
Age Structure
Median Age41.1 years35.8 years5.3 years older
Youth (0-14) Population15.4%19.4%4.0pp difference
Working Age (15-64) Population69.7%69.1%0.5pp difference
Elderly (65+) Population14.9%11.5%3.4pp difference
Youth Bulge (15-29)17.4%21.8%4.5pp difference
Prime Workforce (25-54)43.3%44.2%0.9pp difference
Demographic Indicators
Total Dependency Ratio43.5%44.6%1.1pp difference
Child Dependency Ratio22.1%28.0%5.9pp difference
Old-Age Dependency Ratio21.4%16.6%4.8pp difference
Sex Ratio (males per 100 females)103.796.86.9 difference
Total Fertility Rate1.00 children/woman1.62 children/woman0.62 difference
Estimated Birth Rate6.7 per 1,00012.1 per 1,0005.4 difference
Aging Index (65+/0-14)96.8%59.2%37.6pp difference
Population Pyramid TypestationarystationarySame type

📊 Understanding the Population Difference Chart

This visualization shows where and by how much the populations differ between China and Brazil for each age group, split by gender:

Left Side (Males)

Blue = China has more males

Green = Brazil has more males

Right Side (Females)

Pink = China has more females

Orange = Brazil has more females

💡 How to Read: Each age group shows up to 2 bars - one on the left (male difference) and one on the right (female difference). The bar's color tells you which country has more people, and the bar's length shows by how much. For example, if you see a green bar on the left, it means Brazil has more males in that age group.

Notable Differences (>20% variance):

Ages 0-4: China has 268.9% more people
Men: 18.4M more in ChinaWomen: 16.3M more in China
China: 24.9M men, 22.6M womenBrazil: 6.6M men, 6.3M women
Population Ratio
47.5M
12.9M
Ages 5-9: China has 474.0% more people
Men: 35.6M more in ChinaWomen: 30.7M more in China
China: 42.7M men, 37.6M womenBrazil: 7.1M men, 6.9M women
Population Ratio
80.3M
14.0M
Ages 10-14: China has 528.0% more people
Men: 41.2M more in ChinaWomen: 34.8M more in China
China: 48.5M men, 41.8M womenBrazil: 7.3M men, 7.0M women
Population Ratio
90.3M
14.4M
Ages 15-19: China has 476.2% more people
Men: 38.2M more in ChinaWomen: 31.8M more in China
China: 45.7M men, 39.0M womenBrazil: 7.5M men, 7.2M women
Population Ratio
84.7M
14.7M
Ages 20-24: China has 409.7% more people
Men: 34.7M more in ChinaWomen: 28.7M more in China
China: 42.5M men, 36.3M womenBrazil: 7.8M men, 7.6M women
Population Ratio
78.8M
15.5M
Ages 25-29: China has 407.2% more people
Men: 36.2M more in ChinaWomen: 30.3M more in China
China: 44.4M men, 38.4M womenBrazil: 8.2M men, 8.1M women
Population Ratio
82.8M
16.3M
Ages 30-34: China has 515.8% more people
Men: 44.1M more in ChinaWomen: 38.5M more in China
China: 52.1M men, 46.5M womenBrazil: 8.0M men, 8.0M women
Population Ratio
98.6M
16.0M
Ages 35-39: China has 636.2% more people
Men: 55.1M more in ChinaWomen: 50.0M more in China
China: 63.3M men, 58.2M womenBrazil: 8.2M men, 8.3M women
Population Ratio
121.5M
16.5M
Ages 40-44: China has 516.2% more people
Men: 44.5M more in ChinaWomen: 41.4M more in China
China: 52.7M men, 49.8M womenBrazil: 8.2M men, 8.4M women
Population Ratio
102.5M
16.6M
Ages 45-49: China has 508.1% more people
Men: 39.6M more in ChinaWomen: 37.5M more in China
China: 47.1M men, 45.3M womenBrazil: 7.4M men, 7.7M women
Population Ratio
92.4M
15.2M
Ages 50-54: China has 761.6% more people
Men: 51.6M more in ChinaWomen: 50.2M more in China
China: 58.0M men, 57.0M womenBrazil: 6.5M men, 6.9M women
Population Ratio
115.1M
13.4M
Ages 55-59: China has 873.1% more people
Men: 52.3M more in ChinaWomen: 52.3M more in China
China: 58.1M men, 58.6M womenBrazil: 5.8M men, 6.2M women
Population Ratio
116.7M
12.0M
Ages 60-64: China has 756.2% more people
Men: 40.8M more in ChinaWomen: 42.0M more in China
China: 46.0M men, 47.7M womenBrazil: 5.2M men, 5.8M women
Population Ratio
93.7M
10.9M
Ages 65-69: China has 684.6% more people
Men: 29.3M more in ChinaWomen: 31.9M more in China
China: 33.4M men, 36.7M womenBrazil: 4.1M men, 4.8M women
Population Ratio
70.1M
8.9M
Ages 70-74: China has 872.7% more people
Men: 26.8M more in ChinaWomen: 31.7M more in China
China: 29.8M men, 35.4M womenBrazil: 3.0M men, 3.7M women
Population Ratio
65.1M
6.7M
Ages 75-79: China has 779.9% more people
Men: 15.4M more in ChinaWomen: 19.2M more in China
China: 17.3M men, 21.7M womenBrazil: 1.9M men, 2.5M women
Population Ratio
39.1M
4.4M
Ages 80-84: China has 728.4% more people
Men: 7.9M more in ChinaWomen: 10.9M more in China
China: 8.9M men, 12.4M womenBrazil: 1.1M men, 1.5M women
Population Ratio
21.4M
2.6M
Ages 85-89: China has 770.4% more people
Men: 3.6M more in ChinaWomen: 6.1M more in China
China: 4.1M men, 6.9M womenBrazil: 478K men, 781K women
Population Ratio
11.0M
1.3M
Ages 90-94: China has 803.3% more people
Men: 1.0M more in ChinaWomen: 2.5M more in China
China: 1.2M men, 2.7M womenBrazil: 148K men, 283K women
Population Ratio
3.9M
430K
Ages 95-99: China has 623.8% more people
Men: 99K more in ChinaWomen: 455K more in China
China: 128K men, 514K womenBrazil: 30K men, 59K women
Population Ratio
643K
89K
Ages 100+: China has 445.6% more people
Men: 675 more in ChinaWomen: 39K more in China
China: 4K men, 45K womenBrazil: 3K men, 6K women
Population Ratio
49K
9K
195020252025

Population Difference

1203.3M

China larger

Growth Since 1950

China

+160.3%

Brazil

+298.5%

Population Ratio

1 : 0.15

China : Brazil

Total Population

China

1.42B

Brazil

212.8M

Difference: +565.4%

Median Age

China

41.1 years

Brazil

35.8 years

Difference: +5.3

Youth Population (0-14)

China

218.2M

15.4%

Brazil

41.3M

19.4%

Difference: +428.8%

Working Age (15-64)

China

986.8M

69.7%

Brazil

147.1M

69.1%

Difference: +570.7%

Elderly Population (65+)

China

211.2M

14.9%

Brazil

24.4M

11.5%

Difference: +764.3%

Total Dependency Ratio

China

43.5 per 100

Brazil

44.6 per 100

Difference: -1.1

Youth Dependency Ratio

China

22.1 per 100

Brazil

28.0 per 100

Difference: -5.9

Old-Age Dependency Ratio

China

21.4 per 100

Brazil

16.6 per 100

Difference: +4.8

Sex Ratio

China

103.7 M/100F

Brazil

96.8 M/100F

Difference: +6.9

Note: Dependency ratios represent the number of dependents (youth + elderly) per 100 working-age individuals. Higher ratios indicate greater economic burden on the working population.

Current Gap
0.62
births per woman
Below Replacement Level
Both
Population decline risk
2030 Projection Gap
0.32
Both trending below replacement

Note: The replacement fertility rate of 2.1 is the level at which a population exactly replaces itself from one generation to the next.Both countries are experiencing demographic transitions as they develop economically. Countries below 2.1 face potential population decline without immigration, while those above 2.1 continue growing naturally.

🏆

Historic Milestone: 2023

Brazil became the world's most populous country, ending China's centuries-long reign

China: 75-Year Journey

1950 Population:544M
2025 Population:1.42B
Total Growth:+872M (160.3%)
Peak Year:2021 (Started declining)

Brazil: 75-Year Journey

1950 Population:53M
2025 Population:213M
Total Growth:+159M (298.5%)
Projected Peak:Still growing (~2041 peak)

Growth Rate by Period

1950-1975
China: 2.11%/yr
Brazil: 2.84%/yr
1975-2000
China: 1.31%/yr
Brazil: 1.94%/yr
2000-2025
China: 0.44%/yr
Brazil: 0.81%/yr

Frequently Asked Questions

China (1.42 billion) and Brazil (212.8 million) represent two distinct demographic phases within BRICS. China's massive population (6.6x Brazil's size) is rapidly aging with a median age of 41.1 years, while Brazil maintains a younger profile at 35.8 years. China faces demographic decline due to ultra-low fertility (1.00 births per woman) versus Brazil's 1.62, creating vastly different economic implications for these emerging market giants.