PopulationPyramids
UN World Population Prospects Data Visualized

China vs Russia: Population Comparison 2026

China has 1,269,519,630 more people than Russia (9.9× as many): 1.41 billion vs 143.4 million in 2026. Median age is 40.6 in China and 40.7 in Russia; fertility is 1.03 vs 1.47 children per woman.

China

2026
0
people
Median age
40.6
Fertility (TFR)
1.03
Working age (15–64)
70.1%
Trend
Declining (-0.22%)

Russia

2026
0
people
Median age
40.7
Fertility (TFR)
1.47
Working age (15–64)
64.9%
Trend
Declining (-0.42%)

Population pyramids, 2026

Total Population

China

1412.9M

vs

Russia

143.4M

Youth (0-14)

China

14.8%

vs

Russia

16.7%

Elderly (65+)

China

15.1%

vs

Russia

18.4%

Where the two pyramids differ

The pyramids are overlaid so you can read the difference by age and sex: the longer bar in each band marks the country with more people of that age.

📊 Understanding the Population Difference Chart

This visualization shows where and by how much the populations differ between China and Russia for each age group, split by gender:

Left Side (Males)

Blue = China has more males

Green = Russia has more males

Right Side (Females)

Pink = China has more females

Orange = Russia has more females

💡 How to Read: Each age group shows up to 2 bars - one on the left (male difference) and one on the right (female difference). The bar's color tells you which country has more people, and the bar's length shows by how much. For example, if you see a green bar on the left, it means Russia has more males in that age group.

Notable Differences (>20% variance):

Ages 0-4: China has 601.0% more people
Men: 20.3M more in China • Women: 18.3M more in China
China: 23.6M men, 21.4M women • Russia: 3.3M men, 3.1M women
Population Ratio
45.1M
6.4M
Ages 5-9: China has 824.4% more people
Men: 35.0M more in China • Women: 30.7M more in China
China: 39.1M men, 34.6M women • Russia: 4.1M men, 3.9M women
Population Ratio
73.6M
8.0M
Ages 10-14: China has 842.7% more people
Men: 43.6M more in China • Women: 37.3M more in China
China: 48.5M men, 42.0M women • Russia: 4.9M men, 4.7M women
Population Ratio
90.5M
9.6M
Ages 15-19: China has 915.7% more people
Men: 42.0M more in China • Women: 35.4M more in China
China: 46.3M men, 39.6M women • Russia: 4.3M men, 4.1M women
Population Ratio
85.9M
8.5M
Ages 20-24: China has 921.9% more people
Men: 38.5M more in China • Women: 32.4M more in China
China: 42.4M men, 36.1M women • Russia: 3.9M men, 3.8M women
Population Ratio
78.6M
7.7M
Ages 25-29: China has 1080.7% more people
Men: 40.3M more in China • Women: 34.4M more in China
China: 43.8M men, 37.8M women • Russia: 3.5M men, 3.4M women
Population Ratio
81.5M
6.9M
Ages 30-34: China has 1018.5% more people
Men: 45.0M more in China • Women: 39.4M more in China
China: 49.2M men, 43.5M women • Russia: 4.2M men, 4.1M women
Population Ratio
92.7M
8.3M
Ages 35-39: China has 908.3% more people
Men: 57.6M more in China • Women: 52.3M more in China
China: 63.7M men, 58.3M women • Russia: 6.1M men, 6.0M women
Population Ratio
122.0M
12.1M
Ages 40-44: China has 779.7% more people
Men: 48.4M more in China • Women: 45.1M more in China
China: 54.3M men, 51.2M women • Russia: 5.9M men, 6.1M women
Population Ratio
105.5M
12.0M
Ages 45-49: China has 768.1% more people
Men: 42.1M more in China • Women: 39.7M more in China
China: 47.2M men, 45.3M women • Russia: 5.1M men, 5.6M women
Population Ratio
92.5M
10.7M
Ages 50-54: China has 1029.3% more people
Men: 50.6M more in China • Women: 48.9M more in China
China: 55.1M men, 54.1M women • Russia: 4.5M men, 5.2M women
Population Ratio
109.2M
9.7M
Ages 55-59: China has 1311.0% more people
Men: 55.2M more in China • Women: 54.9M more in China
China: 59.0M men, 59.4M women • Russia: 3.8M men, 4.6M women
Population Ratio
118.4M
8.4M
Ages 60-64: China has 1062.1% more people
Men: 47.0M more in China • Women: 47.7M more in China
China: 50.9M men, 52.8M women • Russia: 3.8M men, 5.1M women
Population Ratio
103.7M
8.9M
Ages 65-69: China has 612.4% more people
Men: 27.8M more in China • Women: 28.8M more in China
China: 31.4M men, 34.4M women • Russia: 3.6M men, 5.6M women
Population Ratio
65.8M
9.2M
Ages 70-74: China has 822.3% more people
Men: 28.1M more in China • Women: 31.7M more in China
China: 30.7M men, 36.4M women • Russia: 2.6M men, 4.7M women
Population Ratio
67.1M
7.3M
Ages 75-79: China has 739.3% more people
Men: 17.1M more in China • Women: 20.3M more in China
China: 18.7M men, 23.7M women • Russia: 1.6M men, 3.4M women
Population Ratio
42.4M
5.1M
Ages 80-84: China has 1091.9% more people
Men: 8.8M more in China • Women: 11.6M more in China
China: 9.3M men, 13.0M women • Russia: 516K men, 1.4M women
Population Ratio
22.3M
1.9M
Ages 85-89: China has 456.2% more people
Men: 3.7M more in China • Women: 5.5M more in China
China: 4.2M men, 7.1M women • Russia: 472K men, 1.6M women
Population Ratio
11.3M
2.0M
Ages 90-94: China has 540.4% more people
Men: 1.1M more in China • Women: 2.4M more in China
China: 1.2M men, 2.9M women • Russia: 136K men, 504K women
Population Ratio
4.1M
640K
Ages 95-99: China has 242.1% more people
Men: 98K more in China • Women: 386K more in China
China: 138K men, 546K women • Russia: 40K men, 160K women
Population Ratio
685K
200K
Ages 100+: China has 115.7% more people
Men: 528 more in China • Women: 28K more in China
China: 4K men, 48K women • Russia: 4K men, 21K women
Population Ratio
53K
24K

Demographic comparison, 2026

IndicatorChinaRussiaDifference
Population (2026)1,412,914,088143,394,458China has 1.27 billion more (9.9×)
Change 2025–2026-0.2% (Declining)-0.4% (Declining)
Median age (2026)40.640.7Russia older by 0.0 yrs
Total fertility rate1.03 — 1.07 below replacement1.47 — 0.63 below replacement
Fertility rate, 2030 (UN projection)1.061.49
Birth rate (per 1,000)6.18.5
Population 2050 (UN projection)1.26 billion (-10.8%)136.1 million (-5.1%)
Peak populationPeaks 2021Peaks 1991

Differences by age group, 2026

AgeChina (M / F)Russia (M / F)Difference
0-423622K / 21432K3302K / 3125KChina has 601.0% more people aged 0-4
5-939076K / 34560K4094K / 3873KChina has 824.4% more people aged 5-9
10-1448504K / 41971K4930K / 4667KChina has 842.7% more people aged 10-14
15-1946340K / 39578K4330K / 4129KChina has 915.7% more people aged 15-19
20-2442415K / 36142K3912K / 3775KChina has 921.9% more people aged 20-24
25-2943779K / 37771K3509K / 3398KChina has 1080.7% more people aged 25-29
30-3449168K / 43509K4193K / 4093KChina has 1018.5% more people aged 30-34
35-3963689K / 58292K6058K / 6040KChina has 908.3% more people aged 35-39
40-4454302K / 51171K5879K / 6111KChina has 779.7% more people aged 40-44
45-4947164K / 45301K5088K / 5564KChina has 768.1% more people aged 45-49
50-5455143K / 54078K4497K / 5175KChina has 1029.3% more people aged 50-54
55-5959034K / 59415K3836K / 4559KChina has 1311.0% more people aged 55-59
60-6450868K / 52813K3834K / 5087KChina has 1062.1% more people aged 60-64
65-6931394K / 34434K3644K / 5597KChina has 612.4% more people aged 65-69
70-7430704K / 36375K2578K / 4695KChina has 822.3% more people aged 70-74
75-7918688K / 23697K1607K / 3443KChina has 739.3% more people aged 75-79
80-849335K / 13004K516K / 1359KChina has 1091.9% more people aged 80-84
85-894220K / 7092K472K / 1562KChina has 456.2% more people aged 85-89
90-941221K / 2877K136K / 504KChina has 540.4% more people aged 90-94
95-99138K / 546K40K / 160KChina has 242.1% more people aged 95-99
100+4K / 48K4K / 21KChina has 115.7% more people aged 100+

Frequently Asked Questions

Which has more people, China or Russia?

China has more: 1.41 billion vs 143.4 million in 2026 — 9.9× as many, 1.27 billion more people.

Which country is older?

Russia, with a median age of 40.7 vs 40.6 in China (2026).

Which has higher fertility?

Russia, at 1.47 children per woman vs 1.03 in China. Replacement is 2.1, so both are below it.

How will China and Russia compare in 2050?

By 2050 the UN projects China at 1.26 billion (-10.8% from 2026) and Russia at 136.1 million (-5.1%).

Are China and Russia growing or shrinking?

China is declining (-0.2% in 2026); Russia is declining (-0.4%).

Explore Individual Countries

China population pyramid→Russia population pyramid→

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