PopulationPyramids
UN World Population Prospects Data Visualized

China vs Nigeria: Population Comparison 2026

China has 1,170,482,257 more people than Nigeria (5.8× as many): 1.41 billion vs 242.4 million in 2026. Median age is 40.6 in China and 18.3 in Nigeria; fertility is 1.03 vs 4.21 children per woman.

China

2026
0
people
Median age
40.6
Fertility (TFR)
1.03
Working age (15–64)
70.1%
Trend
Declining (-0.22%)

Nigeria

2026
0
people
Median age
18.3
Fertility (TFR)
4.21
Working age (15–64)
56.9%
Trend
Growing (+2.06%)

Population pyramids, 2026

Total Population

China

1412.9M

vs

Nigeria

242.4M

Youth (0-14)

China

14.8%

vs

Nigeria

40.0%

Elderly (65+)

China

15.1%

vs

Nigeria

3.1%

Where the two pyramids differ

The pyramids are overlaid so you can read the difference by age and sex: the longer bar in each band marks the country with more people of that age.

📊 Understanding the Population Difference Chart

This visualization shows where and by how much the populations differ between China and Nigeria for each age group, split by gender:

Left Side (Males)

Blue = China has more males

Green = Nigeria has more males

Right Side (Females)

Pink = China has more females

Orange = Nigeria has more females

💡 How to Read: Each age group shows up to 2 bars - one on the left (male difference) and one on the right (female difference). The bar's color tells you which country has more people, and the bar's length shows by how much. For example, if you see a green bar on the left, it means Nigeria has more males in that age group.

Notable Differences (>20% variance):

Ages 0-4: China has 30.1% more people
Men: 6.1M more in China • Women: 4.3M more in China
China: 23.6M men, 21.4M women • Nigeria: 17.5M men, 17.1M women
Population Ratio
45.1M
34.6M
Ages 5-9: China has 132.0% more people
Men: 23.0M more in China • Women: 18.9M more in China
China: 39.1M men, 34.6M women • Nigeria: 16.1M men, 15.6M women
Population Ratio
73.6M
31.7M
Ages 10-14: China has 195.4% more people
Men: 32.9M more in China • Women: 26.9M more in China
China: 48.5M men, 42.0M women • Nigeria: 15.6M men, 15.1M women
Population Ratio
90.5M
30.6M
Ages 15-19: China has 211.3% more people
Men: 32.3M more in China • Women: 26.0M more in China
China: 46.3M men, 39.6M women • Nigeria: 14.1M men, 13.5M women
Population Ratio
85.9M
27.6M
Ages 20-24: China has 231.0% more people
Men: 30.3M more in China • Women: 24.5M more in China
China: 42.4M men, 36.1M women • Nigeria: 12.1M men, 11.6M women
Population Ratio
78.6M
23.7M
Ages 25-29: China has 331.9% more people
Men: 34.2M more in China • Women: 28.5M more in China
China: 43.8M men, 37.8M women • Nigeria: 9.6M men, 9.3M women
Population Ratio
81.5M
18.9M
Ages 30-34: China has 497.4% more people
Men: 41.3M more in China • Women: 35.9M more in China
China: 49.2M men, 43.5M women • Nigeria: 7.9M men, 7.6M women
Population Ratio
92.7M
15.5M
Ages 35-39: China has 830.2% more people
Men: 57.0M more in China • Women: 51.8M more in China
China: 63.7M men, 58.3M women • Nigeria: 6.7M men, 6.5M women
Population Ratio
122.0M
13.1M
Ages 40-44: China has 821.1% more people
Men: 48.5M more in China • Women: 45.5M more in China
China: 54.3M men, 51.2M women • Nigeria: 5.8M men, 5.7M women
Population Ratio
105.5M
11.5M
Ages 45-49: China has 849.2% more people
Men: 42.2M more in China • Women: 40.5M more in China
China: 47.2M men, 45.3M women • Nigeria: 4.9M men, 4.8M women
Population Ratio
92.5M
9.7M
Ages 50-54: China has 1330.1% more people
Men: 51.3M more in China • Women: 50.3M more in China
China: 55.1M men, 54.1M women • Nigeria: 3.8M men, 3.8M women
Population Ratio
109.2M
7.6M
Ages 55-59: China has 1938.1% more people
Men: 56.1M more in China • Women: 56.5M more in China
China: 59.0M men, 59.4M women • Nigeria: 2.9M men, 2.9M women
Population Ratio
118.4M
5.8M
Ages 60-64: China has 2233.9% more people
Men: 48.7M more in China • Women: 50.5M more in China
China: 50.9M men, 52.8M women • Nigeria: 2.2M men, 2.3M women
Population Ratio
103.7M
4.4M
Ages 65-69: China has 1924.2% more people
Men: 29.8M more in China • Women: 32.7M more in China
China: 31.4M men, 34.4M women • Nigeria: 1.6M men, 1.7M women
Population Ratio
65.8M
3.3M
Ages 70-74: China has 3000.3% more people
Men: 29.7M more in China • Women: 35.2M more in China
China: 30.7M men, 36.4M women • Nigeria: 1.0M men, 1.1M women
Population Ratio
67.1M
2.2M
Ages 75-79: China has 3314.8% more people
Men: 18.1M more in China • Women: 23.0M more in China
China: 18.7M men, 23.7M women • Nigeria: 583K men, 658K women
Population Ratio
42.4M
1.2M
Ages 80-84: China has 3617.5% more people
Men: 9.1M more in China • Women: 12.7M more in China
China: 9.3M men, 13.0M women • Nigeria: 283K men, 318K women
Population Ratio
22.3M
601K
Ages 85-89: China has 5673.4% more people
Men: 4.1M more in China • Women: 7.0M more in China
China: 4.2M men, 7.1M women • Nigeria: 89K men, 107K women
Population Ratio
11.3M
196K
Ages 90-94: China has 10639.8% more people
Men: 1.2M more in China • Women: 2.9M more in China
China: 1.2M men, 2.9M women • Nigeria: 16K men, 22K women
Population Ratio
4.1M
38K
Ages 95-99: China has 17461.5% more people
Men: 137K more in China • Women: 544K more in China
China: 138K men, 546K women • Nigeria: 1K men, 3K women
Population Ratio
685K
4K
Ages 100+: China has 25243.3% more people
Men: 4K more in China • Women: 48K more in China
China: 4K men, 48K women • Nigeria: 56 men, 152 women
Population Ratio
53K
208

Demographic comparison, 2026

IndicatorChinaNigeriaDifference
Population (2026)1,412,914,088242,431,831China has 1.17 billion more (5.8×)
Change 2025–2026-0.2% (Declining)+2.1% (Growing)
Median age (2026)40.618.3China older by 22.3 yrs
Total fertility rate1.03 — 1.07 below replacement4.21 — 2.10 above replacement
Fertility rate, 2030 (UN projection)1.063.82
Birth rate (per 1,000)6.131.8
Population 2050 (UN projection)1.26 billion (-10.8%)359.2 million (+48.2%)
Peak populationPeaks 2021Peaks 2100

Differences by age group, 2026

AgeChina (M / F)Nigeria (M / F)Difference
0-423622K / 21432K17540K / 17102KChina has 30.1% more people aged 0-4
5-939076K / 34560K16102K / 15639KChina has 132.0% more people aged 5-9
10-1448504K / 41971K15573K / 15055KChina has 195.4% more people aged 10-14
15-1946340K / 39578K14062K / 13537KChina has 211.3% more people aged 15-19
20-2442415K / 36142K12091K / 11644KChina has 231.0% more people aged 20-24
25-2943779K / 37771K9611K / 9272KChina has 331.9% more people aged 25-29
30-3449168K / 43509K7896K / 7617KChina has 497.4% more people aged 30-34
35-3963689K / 58292K6653K / 6460KChina has 830.2% more people aged 35-39
40-4454302K / 51171K5799K / 5651KChina has 821.1% more people aged 40-44
45-4947164K / 45301K4920K / 4821KChina has 849.2% more people aged 45-49
50-5455143K / 54078K3829K / 3808KChina has 1330.1% more people aged 50-54
55-5959034K / 59415K2891K / 2921KChina has 1938.1% more people aged 55-59
60-6450868K / 52813K2175K / 2268KChina has 2233.9% more people aged 60-64
65-6931394K / 34434K1566K / 1686KChina has 1924.2% more people aged 65-69
70-7430704K / 36375K1027K / 1136KChina has 3000.3% more people aged 70-74
75-7918688K / 23697K583K / 658KChina has 3314.8% more people aged 75-79
80-849335K / 13004K283K / 318KChina has 3617.5% more people aged 80-84
85-894220K / 7092K89K / 107KChina has 5673.4% more people aged 85-89
90-941221K / 2877K16K / 22KChina has 10639.8% more people aged 90-94
95-99138K / 546K1K / 3KChina has 17461.5% more people aged 95-99
100+4K / 48K0K / 0KChina has 25243.3% more people aged 100+

Frequently Asked Questions

Which has more people, China or Nigeria?

China has more: 1.41 billion vs 242.4 million in 2026 — 5.8× as many, 1.17 billion more people.

Which country is older?

China, with a median age of 40.6 vs 18.3 in Nigeria (2026).

Which has higher fertility?

Nigeria, at 4.21 children per woman vs 1.03 in China. Replacement is 2.1, so both are compared against it.

How will China and Nigeria compare in 2050?

By 2050 the UN projects China at 1.26 billion (-10.8% from 2026) and Nigeria at 359.2 million (+48.2%).

Are China and Nigeria growing or shrinking?

China is declining (-0.2% in 2026); Nigeria is growing (+2.1%).

Explore Individual Countries

China population pyramid→Nigeria population pyramid→

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