South Dakota Population Pyramid (2025)
South Dakota had 935,094 residents on July 1, 2025, according to the U.S. Census Bureau (the 5th least populous of the 50 states), and has grown 5.5% since April 2020. The median age is 38.4, and 19.4% of residents are 65 or older.
Key figures, July 1, 2025
- Population
- 935,094
- Change since April 2020
- +48,438 (+5.5%)
- Change, July 2024 to July 2025
- +7,984 (+0.86%)
- Median age
- 38.4 (US 39.4)
- Under 18
- 23.5%
- 65 and older
- 19.4%
- 85 and older
- 2.3%
- Sex ratio (males per 100 females)
- 101.8
- Land area
- 75,809 sq mi
- Density (per sq mi of land)
- 12.3 (#46 of 50)
Population pyramid, 2000 to 2025
Watch how South Dakota's population structure evolved from 2000 to 2025
Census counts, 1910 to 2020
| Census | Resident population | Change from prior |
|---|---|---|
| 1910 | 583,888 | — |
| 1920 | 636,547 | +52,659 (+9.0%) |
| 1930 | 692,849 | +56,302 (+8.8%) |
| 1940 | 642,961 | −49,888 (−7.2%) |
| 1950 | 652,740 | +9,779 (+1.5%) |
| 1960 | 680,514 | +27,774 (+4.3%) |
| 1970 | 665,507 | −15,007 (−2.2%) |
| 1980 | 690,768 | +25,261 (+3.8%) |
| 1990 | 696,004 | +5,236 (+0.8%) |
| 2000 | 754,844 | +58,840 (+8.5%) |
| 2010 | 814,180 | +59,336 (+7.9%) |
| 2020 | 886,667 | +72,487 (+8.9%) |
| 2025 estimate | 935,094 | — |
Decennial April 1 counts (resident population); the 2025 figure is the July 1 Census estimate (its change is measured from the April 1, 2020 estimates base, shown in Key figures, not from the 2020 census count). Decade changes are computed from the counts shown.
Components of change
| Component | Cumulative, April 2020 to July 2025 | July 2024 to June 2025 |
|---|---|---|
| Births | 58,940 | 11,299 |
| Deaths | 47,175 | 8,694 |
| Natural change | +11,765 | +2,605 |
| International migration | +12,842 | +3,183 |
| Domestic migration | +23,257 | +2,169 |
| Residual | +574 | +27 |
| Total population change | +48,438 | +7,984 |
Census components of change. The April 2020 to July 2025 column sums the period from the April 1, 2020 base; the right column covers July 1, 2024 to June 30, 2025.
How South Dakota ranks
- Population
- #46 of 50 (the 5th least populous)
- Growth since April 2020
- #13 of 50 (1 = fastest-growing)
- Population density
- #46 of 50 (1 = densest)
- Median age
- #40 of 50 (1 = oldest)
- 65-and-older share
- #24 of 50 (1 = highest)
- Under-18 share
- #4 of 50 (1 = highest)
See all states on the US states by population hub.
Frequently asked questions
What is the population of South Dakota in 2025?
South Dakota had 935,094 residents on July 1, 2025, according to the U.S. Census Bureau.
How has South Dakota's population changed since 2020?
South Dakota grew 5.5% (+48,438 people) between April 2020 and July 2025.
What is the median age in South Dakota?
The median age in South Dakota is 38.4 in 2025, compared with 39.4 for the United States.
What share of South Dakota's residents are 65 or older?
19.4% of South Dakota's residents are 65 or older on July 1, 2025; 2.3% are 85 or older.
How densely populated is South Dakota?
South Dakota has 12.3 people per square mile of land, the 46th densest of the 50 states.
Sources and method
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Vintage 2025 population estimates (July 1, 2025), 2000 to 2020 intercensal estimates, decennial censuses 1910 to 2020 and the 2026 Gazetteer land area.
- Totals and components of change: NST-EST2025-ALLDATA, Vintage 2025 (released January 2026).
- Age by sex, July 2020 to July 2025: SC-EST2025-ALLDATA6, Vintage 2025 (released June 2026).
- Age by sex, July 2010 to July 2019: 2010 to 2020 intercensal estimates (SC-EST2020INT-ALLDATA6).
- Age by sex, July 2000 to July 2009: 2000 to 2010 intercensal estimates (ST-EST00INT-AGESEX).
- Decennial counts 1910 to 2020: Historical Apportionment Data (2021).
- Land area: 2026 Gazetteer Files, states.
Median age is interpolated within single years of age (the Census method). Density is the July 1, 2025 population divided by land area. Change since April 2020 is measured from the April 1, 2020 estimates base to July 1, 2025; the last-year change is July 1, 2024 to July 1, 2025. Shares, medians and density are shown to one decimal. Ranks are among the 50 states; the District of Columbia is not ranked.