Cameroon Population Pyramid (2026)
Cameroon has a population of 30,640,816 in 2026, according to the UN World Population Prospects 2024 (projection for 1 July). That is the 51st-largest population in the world and 0.37% of the global total of 8.30 billion. Children under 15 make up 40.8% of the population and people aged 65 and over 2.8%, with 99.3 males for every 100 females.
Cameroon Demographics
Cameroon has 30.6 million people in 2026, up 375.1% from 6.4 million in 1970.
Births outnumber deaths by 783,110 (UN projection for 2026).
Median age 18.2 — the 16th-lowest of 194 countries.
Under-15 share 40.8% — the 16th-highest of 194 countries.
Largest generation: Gen Alpha — 32.7% (10,011,822)
All generations in Cameroon →Population pyramid, 1950 to 2026
Watch how Cameroon's population structure evolved from 1950 to 2026
Page Navigation(Quick jump to sections)
Sex Ratio & Gender Distribution
Cameroon has 99.3 males per 100 females (sex ratio)
Women outnumber men by 103,212 (0.3% of the population).
Male Statistics
- Population:15,268,802
- Percentage:49.8%
Female Statistics
- Population:15,372,014
- Percentage:50.2%
- Ratio Format:1:1.007
Sex Ratio Analysis
The sex ratio of Cameroon indicates more females than males.
Birth Statistics & Natality Data
Estimated births today
Simulated from the UN WPP 2024 projection of 991,664 births in 2026.
Current Birth Metrics (2026)
Temporal Distribution
Averages from the UN annual births, 2026 projection
Historical Birth Rate Trends, 1950 to 2026
Birth Statistics, 2021 to 2026
| Year | Births | Birth Rate (per 1,000) | TFR (children/woman) | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2021 | 936,082 | 34.8 | 4.47 | estimate |
| 2022 | 946,933 | 34.3 | 4.40 | estimate |
| 2023 | 957,392 | 33.7 | 4.32 | estimate |
| 2024 | 971,107 | 33.3 | 4.26 | projection |
| 2025 | 980,661 | 32.8 | 4.18 | projection |
| 2026 | 991,664 | 32.4 | 4.12 | projection |
Historical Analysis
Global Context (2026)
Source: UN WPP 2024: births, birth rate and fertility for 2024 and later are medium-variant projections; 1950–2023 are estimates. The live counter is a uniform simulation of the 2026 projection (991,664 births), not a real-time feed.
Median Age Analysis
Cameroon's median age is 18.2 years
Half the population is younger than 18.2 years, half is older — indicating a very young society
Complete Age Distribution & Youth Demographics
| Age Group | Population | % | Category |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0-4 | 4,554,392 | 14.9% | Youth |
| 5-9 | 4,213,888 | 13.8% | Youth |
| 10-14 | 3,730,676 | 12.2% | Youth |
| 15-19 | 3,313,923 | 10.8% | Young Adult |
| 20-24 | 2,811,025 | 9.2% | Young Adult |
| 25-29 | 2,366,030 | 7.7% | Working Age |
| 30-34 | 2,085,951 | 6.8% | Working Age |
| 35-39 | 1,820,112 | 5.9% | Working Age |
| 40-44 | 1,509,008 | 4.9% | Working Age |
| 45-49 | 1,202,490 | 3.9% | Working Age |
| 50-54 | 936,668 | 3.1% | Working Age |
| 55-59 | 710,051 | 2.3% | Working Age |
| 60-64 | 515,380 | 1.7% | Working Age |
| 65-69 | 374,448 | 1.2% | Senior |
| 70-74 | 247,650 | 0.8% | Senior |
| 75-79 | 142,020 | 0.5% | Senior |
| 80-84 | 72,754 | 0.2% | Senior |
| 85-89 | 26,910 | 0.1% | Senior |
| 90-94 | 6,463 | 0.0% | Senior |
| 95-99 | 911 | 0.0% | Senior |
| 100+ | 68 | 0.0% | Senior |
Demographic Transition Model (DTM) Stage
Stage 2 (high birth rate, falling death rate): 32.4 births and 6.8 deaths per 1,000, a natural increase of about 2.6% a year (births minus deaths, before migration). Read more about Stage 2 of the Demographic Transition Model.
Fertility Rate & Birth Statistics
Cameroon Total Fertility Rate: 4.12 children per woman
Above the replacement level of 2.1
Fertility Rate Trends
Historical data (solid line) and future projections (dashed line)
Historical Fertility Trends
| Year | Total Fertility Rate | Birth Rate | Change |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2021 | 4.47 | 34.8 | |
| 2022 | 4.40 | 34.3 | ↓0.07 |
| 2023 | 4.32 | 33.7 | ↓0.08 |
| 2024 | 4.26 | 33.3 | ↓0.06 |
| 2025 | 4.18 | 32.8 | ↓0.08 |
| 2026 | 4.12 | 32.4 | ↓0.06 |
Global Context
- • World Average: 2.23 children per woman
- • Comparison: Above global average
- • UN projection for 2030: 3.88
Cameroon's total fertility rate is 4.12 children per woman in 2026 (high fertility), above the replacement level of 2.1. Cameroon ranks 17 of 194 for fertility rate (1 = highest), in the highest third of countries. The fertility rate has changed by −28.1% since 1950.
Historical Demographic Changes
Between 1950 and 2026, Cameroon's population has increased by 607.6%.
The median age has decreased from 19.3 in 1950 to 18.2 in 2026, indicating a younger demographic profile.
Understanding Cameroon's Demographics
Cameroon has an expansive population pyramid — a broad base of children that narrows steadily toward older ages.
Children under 15 make up 40.8% of the population and people aged 65 and over 2.8%.
The largest five-year age band is 0–4, at 14.9% of the population.
Demographic Analysis: Cameroon's Population Structure
Demographic Dividend Window
The working-age share is still rising, from 54.1% in 2016 to 56.4% in 2026 (dependency ratio 77.4).
Fertility Transition Stage
Cameroon is in a period of high fertility, with a total fertility rate of 4.12 children per woman (2026, UN WPP 2024).
Population Aging Speed
Cameroon's median age changed by +1.0 years from 2016 to 2026, slower than the world average (+2.6 years).
Key Demographics
| Total Population | 30,640,816 |
| Male Population | 15,268,802(49.8%) |
| Female Population | 15,372,014(50.2%) |
| Median Age | 18.2 years |
| Sex Ratio | 99.3 males per 100 females |
| Youth (0-14) | 12,498,956(40.8%) |
| Working Age (15-64) | 17,270,636(56.4%) |
| Elderly (65+) | 871,224(2.8%) |
| Total Dependency Ratio | 77.4 |
| Youth Dependency Ratio | 72.4 |
| Old Age Dependency Ratio | 5.0 |
| Pyramid Type | Expansive |
Dependency Ratios: Number of dependents per 100 working-age individuals.
Demographic Data Visualizations
Total population, 1950–2026 (UN WPP 2024; 2024 onward are projections).
Median age, 1950–2026 (UN WPP 2024; 2024 onward are projections).
Youth, working-age and elderly shares, 1950 vs 2026 (UN WPP 2024).
Age distribution in 2026: youth, working-age and elderly shares (UN WPP 2024; projection).
Life Expectancy in Cameroon
How long the average person in Cameroon is expected to live · sourced from UN WPP 2024
Historical Trend, 1950 → 2026 (plus UN projection to 2100)
Solid: actual · Dashed: medium-variant projectionFuture Demographic Trends
Cameroon is projected to grow to 51.1 million people by 2050 (+66.8% from 2026).
The median age rises from 18.2 in 2026 to 23.1 by 2050.
Cameroon's Demographic Evolution by Decade
The population increased by 32.0%, growing from 6.4 million in 1970 to 8.5 million by 1980
The median age decreased by 1.4 years, indicating a younger demographic profile during this period
The youth population share expanded by 2.5 percentage points.
Key Demographic Highlights
- • Population changed from 6.4M to 8.5M
- • Growth rate of 32% over the decade
- • Median age shifted from 18.1 to 16.7 years (−1.4y)
- • 65+ share changed by −0.1 points; under-15 share by +2.5 points
How Does Cameroon Compare to Its Neighbors?
Cameroon has a younger population than Nigeria, Gabon. Cameroon has an older population than Chad, Central African Republic.
Cameroon
Nigeria
Chad
Central African Republic
Gabon
| Country | Population | Median Age | Youth % | Elderly % | Pyramid Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cameroon (Current) | 30,640,816 | 18.2 | 40.8% | 2.8% | expansive |
| Nigeria | 242,431,831 | 18.3 | 40.0% | 3.1% | expansive |
| Chad | 21,560,381 | 15.7 | 46.0% | 2.1% | expansive |
| Central African Republic | 5,698,984 | 14.6 | 48.2% | 2.2% | expansive |
| Gabon | 2,647,400 | 21.6 | 35.9% | 4.2% | expansive |
Frequently Asked Questions About Cameroon
How does Cameroon rank globally by population?
Cameroon ranks 51st in the world by population with 30.6 million people as of 2026, representing 0.37% of the global total of 8.30 billion.
What does Cameroon's age structure reveal about its development?
Cameroon's age structure — 40.8% under 15, 56.4% working-age (15–64) and 2.8% aged 65+ — is that of a country in Stage 2 of the demographic transition, with an expansive population pyramid. The median age is 18.2 years.
What is the dependency ratio in Cameroon?
Cameroon has 77.4 people under 15 or aged 65+ per 100 people aged 15–64 in 2026.
Is Cameroon experiencing a demographic dividend?
Cameroon is opening its demographic-dividend window. The working-age share is still rising, from 54.1% in 2016 to 56.4% in 2026 (dependency ratio 77.4). The demographic dividend occurs when falling fertility creates a bulge in the working-age population while dependency ratios stay manageable.
What are the gender dynamics in Cameroon's population?
Cameroon has more females than males, with 99.3 males per 100 females.
Compare with Other Countries
Data Sources & Methodology
All population data is sourced from the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. The data represents UN medium-variant projections.
Cite this page: Population Pyramids. (2026). Cameroon Population Pyramid and Demographic Analysis. Retrieved from https://www.populationpyramids.org/cameroon
View UN World Population Prospects Data →