Somalia Population Pyramid (2026)
Somalia has a population of 20,305,906 in 2026, according to the UN World Population Prospects 2024 (projection for 1 July). That is the 65th-largest population in the world and 0.24% of the global total of 8.30 billion. Children under 15 make up 46.5% of the population and people aged 65 and over 2.6%, with 100.3 males for every 100 females.
Somalia Demographics
Somalia has 20.3 million people in 2026, up 443.2% from 3.7 million in 1970.
Births outnumber deaths by 642,440 (UN projection for 2026).
Median age 15.6 — the 2nd-lowest of 194 countries.
Under-15 share 46.5% — the 2nd-highest of 194 countries.
Largest generation: Gen Alpha — 37.2% (7,550,456)
All generations in Somalia →Population pyramid, 1950 to 2026
Watch how Somalia's population structure evolved from 1950 to 2026
Page Navigation(Quick jump to sections)
Sex Ratio & Gender Distribution
Somalia has 100.3 males per 100 females (sex ratio)
Men outnumber women by 33,640 (0.2% of the population).
Male Statistics
- Population:10,169,773
- Percentage:50.1%
Female Statistics
- Population:10,136,133
- Percentage:49.9%
- Ratio Format:1:0.997
Sex Ratio Analysis
The sex ratio of Somalia indicates more males than females.
Birth Statistics & Natality Data
Estimated births today
Simulated from the UN WPP 2024 projection of 836,420 births in 2026.
Current Birth Metrics (2026)
Temporal Distribution
Averages from the UN annual births, 2026 projection
Historical Birth Rate Trends, 1950 to 2026
Birth Statistics, 2021 to 2026
| Year | Births | Birth Rate (per 1,000) | TFR (children/woman) | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2021 | 761,567 | 44.1 | 6.35 | estimate |
| 2022 | 779,534 | 43.8 | 6.26 | estimate |
| 2023 | 788,763 | 43.0 | 6.13 | estimate |
| 2024 | 804,966 | 42.3 | 6.01 | projection |
| 2025 | 822,215 | 41.8 | 5.91 | projection |
| 2026 | 836,420 | 41.2 | 5.81 | projection |
Historical Analysis
Global Context (2026)
Source: UN WPP 2024: births, birth rate and fertility for 2024 and later are medium-variant projections; 1950–2023 are estimates. The live counter is a uniform simulation of the 2026 projection (836,420 births), not a real-time feed.
Median Age Analysis
Somalia's median age is 15.6 years
Half the population is younger than 15.6 years, half is older — indicating a very young society
Complete Age Distribution & Youth Demographics
| Age Group | Population | % | Category |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0-4 | 3,668,431 | 18.1% | Youth |
| 5-9 | 3,131,947 | 15.4% | Youth |
| 10-14 | 2,646,777 | 13.0% | Youth |
| 15-19 | 2,107,808 | 10.4% | Young Adult |
| 20-24 | 1,819,332 | 9.0% | Young Adult |
| 25-29 | 1,554,069 | 7.7% | Working Age |
| 30-34 | 1,235,491 | 6.1% | Working Age |
| 35-39 | 939,126 | 4.6% | Working Age |
| 40-44 | 816,760 | 4.0% | Working Age |
| 45-49 | 645,560 | 3.2% | Working Age |
| 50-54 | 499,744 | 2.5% | Working Age |
| 55-59 | 395,891 | 1.9% | Working Age |
| 60-64 | 308,639 | 1.5% | Working Age |
| 65-69 | 231,197 | 1.1% | Senior |
| 70-74 | 160,350 | 0.8% | Senior |
| 75-79 | 89,573 | 0.4% | Senior |
| 80-84 | 38,285 | 0.2% | Senior |
| 85-89 | 13,630 | 0.1% | Senior |
| 90-94 | 2,934 | 0.0% | Senior |
| 95-99 | 342 | 0.0% | Senior |
| 100+ | 20 | 0.0% | Senior |
Demographic Transition Model (DTM) Stage
Stage 2 (high birth rate, falling death rate): 41.2 births and 9.6 deaths per 1,000, a natural increase of about 3.2% a year (births minus deaths, before migration). Read more about Stage 2 of the Demographic Transition Model.
Fertility Rate & Birth Statistics
Somalia Total Fertility Rate: 5.81 children per woman
Above the replacement level of 2.1
Fertility Rate Trends
Historical data (solid line) and future projections (dashed line)
Historical Fertility Trends
| Year | Total Fertility Rate | Birth Rate | Change |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2021 | 6.35 | 44.1 | |
| 2022 | 6.26 | 43.8 | ↓0.09 |
| 2023 | 6.13 | 43.0 | ↓0.13 |
| 2024 | 6.01 | 42.3 | ↓0.12 |
| 2025 | 5.91 | 41.8 | ↓0.10 |
| 2026 | 5.81 | 41.2 | ↓0.10 |
Global Context
- • World Average: 2.23 children per woman
- • Comparison: Above global average
- • UN projection for 2030: 5.35
Somalia's total fertility rate is 5.81 children per woman in 2026 (high fertility), above the replacement level of 2.1. Somalia ranks 2 of 194 for fertility rate (1 = highest), in the highest third of countries. The fertility rate has changed by −19.9% since 1950.
Historical Demographic Changes
Between 1950 and 2026, Somalia's population has increased by 817.5%.
The median age has decreased from 18.5 in 1950 to 15.6 in 2026, indicating a younger demographic profile.
Understanding Somalia's Demographics
Somalia has an expansive population pyramid — a broad base of children that narrows steadily toward older ages.
Children under 15 make up 46.5% of the population and people aged 65 and over 2.6%.
The largest five-year age band is 0–4, at 18.1% of the population.
Demographic Analysis: Somalia's Population Structure
Demographic Dividend Window
Somalia's working-age share peaked in 1950 at 56.2% and is 50.8% in 2026.
Fertility Transition Stage
Somalia is in a period of high fertility, with a total fertility rate of 5.81 children per woman (2026, UN WPP 2024).
Population Aging Speed
Somalia's median age changed by +0.6 years from 2016 to 2026, slower than the world average (+2.6 years).
Key Demographics
| Total Population | 20,305,906 |
| Male Population | 10,169,773(50.1%) |
| Female Population | 10,136,133(49.9%) |
| Median Age | 15.6 years |
| Sex Ratio | 100.3 males per 100 females |
| Youth (0-14) | 9,447,155(46.5%) |
| Working Age (15-64) | 10,322,420(50.8%) |
| Elderly (65+) | 536,331(2.6%) |
| Total Dependency Ratio | 96.7 |
| Youth Dependency Ratio | 91.5 |
| Old Age Dependency Ratio | 5.2 |
| Pyramid Type | Expansive |
Dependency Ratios: Number of dependents per 100 working-age individuals.
Demographic Data Visualizations
Total population, 1950–2026 (UN WPP 2024; 2024 onward are projections).
Median age, 1950–2026 (UN WPP 2024; 2024 onward are projections).
Youth, working-age and elderly shares, 1950 vs 2026 (UN WPP 2024).
Age distribution in 2026: youth, working-age and elderly shares (UN WPP 2024; projection).
Life Expectancy in Somalia
How long the average person in Somalia is expected to live · sourced from UN WPP 2024
Historical Trend, 1950 → 2026 (plus UN projection to 2100)
Solid: actual · Dashed: medium-variant projectionFuture Demographic Trends
Somalia is projected to grow to 37.2 million people by 2050 (+83.2% from 2026).
The median age rises from 15.6 in 2026 to 20.2 by 2050.
Somalia's Demographic Evolution by Decade
The population increased by 58.8%, growing from 3.7 million in 1970 to 5.9 million by 1980.
Key Demographic Highlights
- • Population changed from 3.7M to 5.9M
- • Growth rate of 58.8% over the decade
- • Median age shifted from 16.4 to 16.5 years (+0.1y)
- • 65+ share changed by +−0.0 points; under-15 share by +0.1 points
Frequently Asked Questions About Somalia
How does Somalia rank globally by population?
Somalia ranks 65th in the world by population with 20.3 million people as of 2026, representing 0.24% of the global total of 8.30 billion.
What does Somalia's age structure reveal about its development?
Somalia's age structure — 46.5% under 15, 50.8% working-age (15–64) and 2.6% aged 65+ — is that of a country in Stage 2 of the demographic transition, with an expansive population pyramid. The median age is 15.6 years.
What is the dependency ratio in Somalia?
Somalia has 96.7 people under 15 or aged 65+ per 100 people aged 15–64 in 2026.
Is Somalia experiencing a demographic dividend?
Somalia has moved past its demographic-dividend window. Somalia's working-age share peaked in 1950 at 56.2% and is 50.8% in 2026. The demographic dividend occurs when falling fertility creates a bulge in the working-age population while dependency ratios stay manageable.
What are the gender dynamics in Somalia's population?
Somalia has more males than females, with 100.3 males per 100 females.
Compare with Other Countries
Data Sources & Methodology
All population data is sourced from the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. The data represents UN medium-variant projections.
Cite this page: Population Pyramids. (2026). Somalia Population Pyramid and Demographic Analysis. Retrieved from https://www.populationpyramids.org/somalia
View UN World Population Prospects Data →