Czech Republic Population Pyramid (2026)
The Czech Republic has a population of 10,527,780 in 2026, according to the UN World Population Prospects 2024 (projection for 1 July). That is the 91st-largest population in the world and 0.13% of the global total of 8.30 billion. Children under 15 make up 14.8% of the population and people aged 65 and over 21.4%, with 97.4 males for every 100 females.
Czech Republic Demographics
The Czech Republic has 10.5 million people in 2026, up 7.4% from 9.8 million in 1970.
Deaths outnumber births by 34,479 (UN projection for 2026).
Median age 44.3 — the 16th-highest of 194 countries.
65+ share 21.4% — the 20th-highest of 194 countries.
Largest generation: Gen X — 24.0% (2,526,441)
All generations in the Czech Republic →Population pyramid, 1950 to 2026
Watch how the Czech Republic's population structure evolved from 1950 to 2026
Page Navigation(Quick jump to sections)
Sex Ratio & Gender Distribution
The Czech Republic has 97.4 males per 100 females (sex ratio)
Women outnumber men by 141,230 (1.3% of the population).
Male Statistics
- Population:5,193,275
- Percentage:49.3%
Female Statistics
- Population:5,334,505
- Percentage:50.7%
- Ratio Format:1:1.027
Sex Ratio Analysis
The sex ratio of the Czech Republic indicates more females than males.
Birth Statistics & Natality Data
Estimated births today
Simulated from the UN WPP 2024 projection of 83,205 births in 2026.
Current Birth Metrics (2026)
Temporal Distribution
Averages from the UN annual births, 2026 projection
Historical Birth Rate Trends, 1950 to 2026
Birth Statistics, 2021 to 2026
| Year | Births | Birth Rate (per 1,000) | TFR (children/woman) | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2021 | 111,795 | 10.6 | 1.82 | estimate |
| 2022 | 96,941 | 9.1 | 1.62 | estimate |
| 2023 | 91,845 | 8.5 | 1.45 | estimate |
| 2024 | 90,211 | 8.4 | 1.46 | projection |
| 2025 | 86,926 | 8.2 | 1.47 | projection |
| 2026 | 83,205 | 7.9 | 1.47 | projection |
Historical Analysis
Global Context (2026)
Source: UN WPP 2024: births, birth rate and fertility for 2024 and later are medium-variant projections; 1950–2023 are estimates. The live counter is a uniform simulation of the 2026 projection (83,205 births), not a real-time feed.
Median Age Analysis
The Czech Republic's median age is 44.3 years
Half the population is younger than 44.3 years, half is older — indicating a middle-aged society
Complete Age Distribution & Youth Demographics
| Age Group | Population | % | Category |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0-4 | 452,726 | 4.3% | Youth |
| 5-9 | 559,522 | 5.3% | Youth |
| 10-14 | 548,565 | 5.2% | Youth |
| 15-19 | 590,384 | 5.6% | Young Adult |
| 20-24 | 540,528 | 5.1% | Young Adult |
| 25-29 | 501,070 | 4.8% | Working Age |
| 30-34 | 607,040 | 5.8% | Working Age |
| 35-39 | 699,770 | 6.6% | Working Age |
| 40-44 | 724,730 | 6.9% | Working Age |
| 45-49 | 849,561 | 8.1% | Working Age |
| 50-54 | 875,586 | 8.3% | Working Age |
| 55-59 | 677,073 | 6.4% | Working Age |
| 60-64 | 643,302 | 6.1% | Working Age |
| 65-69 | 571,525 | 5.4% | Senior |
| 70-74 | 600,360 | 5.7% | Senior |
| 75-79 | 527,244 | 5.0% | Senior |
| 80-84 | 332,212 | 3.2% | Senior |
| 85-89 | 155,518 | 1.5% | Senior |
| 90-94 | 57,226 | 0.5% | Senior |
| 95-99 | 12,660 | 0.1% | Senior |
| 100+ | 1,178 | 0.0% | Senior |
Demographic Transition Model (DTM) Stage
Stage 5 (natural decrease): deaths outnumber births — 7.9 births and 11.2 deaths per 1,000 people in 2026. Read more about Stage 5 of the Demographic Transition Model.
Fertility Rate & Birth Statistics
Czech Republic Total Fertility Rate: 1.47 children per woman
Below the replacement level of 2.1
Fertility Rate Trends
Historical data (solid line) and future projections (dashed line)
Historical Fertility Trends
| Year | Total Fertility Rate | Birth Rate | Change |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2021 | 1.82 | 10.6 | |
| 2022 | 1.62 | 9.1 | ↓0.20 |
| 2023 | 1.45 | 8.5 | ↓0.17 |
| 2024 | 1.46 | 8.4 | ↑0.01 |
| 2025 | 1.47 | 8.2 | ↑0.01 |
| 2026 | 1.47 | 7.9 | 0.00 |
Global Context
- • World Average: 2.23 children per woman
- • Comparison: Below global average
- • UN projection for 2030: 1.50
The Czech Republic's total fertility rate is 1.47 children per woman in 2026 (below replacement), below the replacement level of 2.1. The Czech Republic ranks 150 of 194 for fertility rate (1 = highest), in the lowest third of countries. The fertility rate has changed by −47.9% since 1950.
Historical Demographic Changes
Between 1950 and 2026, the Czech Republic's population has increased by 18.1%.
The median age has increased from 31.3 in 1950 to 44.3 in 2026, indicating population aging.
Understanding the Czech Republic's Demographics
The Czech Republic has a constrictive population pyramid — a base narrower than the middle, so younger cohorts are smaller than the ones above them.
Children under 15 make up 14.8% of the population and people aged 65 and over 21.4%.
The largest five-year age band is 50–54, at 8.3% of the population, compared with 4.3% in the 0–4 band.
Demographic Analysis: the Czech Republic's Population Structure
Demographic Dividend Window
The Czech Republic's working-age share peaked in 2006 at 71.3% and is 63.7% in 2026.
Fertility Transition Stage
The Czech Republic is in a period of below replacement, with a total fertility rate of 1.47 children per woman (2026, UN WPP 2024).
Population Aging Speed
The Czech Republic's median age changed by +3.5 years from 2016 to 2026, faster than the world average (+2.6 years).
Key Demographics
| Total Population | 10,527,780 |
| Male Population | 5,193,275(49.3%) |
| Female Population | 5,334,505(50.7%) |
| Median Age | 44.3 years |
| Sex Ratio | 97.4 males per 100 females |
| Youth (0-14) | 1,560,813(14.8%) |
| Working Age (15-64) | 6,709,044(63.7%) |
| Elderly (65+) | 2,257,923(21.4%) |
| Total Dependency Ratio | 56.9 |
| Youth Dependency Ratio | 23.3 |
| Old Age Dependency Ratio | 33.7 |
| Pyramid Type | Constrictive |
Dependency Ratios: Number of dependents per 100 working-age individuals.
Demographic Data Visualizations
Total population, 1950–2026 (UN WPP 2024; 2024 onward are projections).
Median age, 1950–2026 (UN WPP 2024; 2024 onward are projections).
Youth, working-age and elderly shares, 1950 vs 2026 (UN WPP 2024).
Age distribution in 2026: youth, working-age and elderly shares (UN WPP 2024; projection).
Life Expectancy in the Czech Republic
How long the average person in the Czech Republic is expected to live · sourced from UN WPP 2024
Historical Trend, 1950 → 2026 (plus UN projection to 2100)
Solid: actual · Dashed: medium-variant projectionFuture Demographic Trends
The Czech Republic is projected to shrink to 9.8 million people by 2050 (−6.7% from 2026).
The median age rises from 44.3 in 2026 to 46.0 by 2050.
Czech Republic's Demographic Evolution by Decade
The population increased by 4.8%, growing from 9.8 million in 1970 to 10.3 million by 1980
The youth population share expanded by 2.1 percentage points
Meanwhile, the elderly population proportion grew by 1.3 percentage points.
Key Demographic Highlights
- • Population changed from 9.8M to 10.3M
- • Growth rate of 4.8% over the decade
- • Median age shifted from 32.5 to 32.0 years (−0.5y)
- • 65+ share changed by +1.3 points; under-15 share by +2.1 points
How Does the Czech Republic Compare to Its Neighbors?
The Czech Republic has an older population than Russia, Poland, Ukraine, Romania. The Czech Republic has a smaller population than Russia, Poland, Ukraine, Romania.
Czech Republic
Russia
Poland
Ukraine
Romania
Frequently Asked Questions About the Czech Republic
How does the Czech Republic rank globally by population?
The Czech Republic ranks 91st in the world by population with 10.5 million people as of 2026, representing 0.13% of the global total of 8.30 billion.
What does the Czech Republic's age structure reveal about its development?
The Czech Republic's age structure — 14.8% under 15, 63.7% working-age (15–64) and 21.4% aged 65+ — is that of a country in Stage 5 of the demographic transition, with a constrictive population pyramid. The median age is 44.3 years.
What is the dependency ratio in the Czech Republic?
The Czech Republic has 56.9 people under 15 or aged 65+ per 100 people aged 15–64 in 2026.
Is the Czech Republic experiencing a demographic dividend?
The Czech Republic has moved past its demographic-dividend window. The Czech Republic's working-age share peaked in 2006 at 71.3% and is 63.7% in 2026. The demographic dividend occurs when falling fertility creates a bulge in the working-age population while dependency ratios stay manageable.
What are the gender dynamics in the Czech Republic's population?
The Czech Republic has more females than males, with 97.4 males per 100 females.
Compare with Other Countries
Data Sources & Methodology
All population data is sourced from the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. The data represents UN medium-variant projections.
Cite this page: Population Pyramids. (2026). Czech Republic Population Pyramid and Demographic Analysis. Retrieved from https://www.populationpyramids.org/czech-republic
View UN World Population Prospects Data →