Spain Population Pyramid (2026)
Spain has a population of 47,850,792 in 2026, according to the UN World Population Prospects 2024 (projection for 1 July). That is the 34th-largest population in the world and 0.58% of the global total of 8.30 billion. Children under 15 make up 12.3% of the population and people aged 65 and over 22.2%, with 96.4 males for every 100 females.
Spain Demographics
Spain has 47.9 million people in 2026, up 41.5% from 33.8 million in 1970.
Deaths outnumber births by 133,070 (UN projection for 2026).
Median age 46.3 — the 7th-highest of 194 countries.
Under-15 share 12.3% — the 7th-lowest of 194 countries.
Largest generation: Gen X — 25.7% (12,298,071)
All generations in Spain →Compare Spain Demographics
Population pyramid, 1950 to 2026
Watch how Spain's population structure evolved from 1950 to 2026
Page Navigation(Quick jump to sections)
Sex Ratio & Gender Distribution
Spain has 96.4 males per 100 females (sex ratio)
Women outnumber men by 886,142 (1.9% of the population).
Male Statistics
- Population:23,482,325
- Percentage:49.1%
Female Statistics
- Population:24,368,467
- Percentage:50.9%
- Ratio Format:1:1.038
Sex Ratio Analysis
The sex ratio of Spain indicates more females than males.
Birth Statistics & Natality Data
Estimated births today
Simulated from the UN WPP 2024 projection of 327,412 births in 2026.
Current Birth Metrics (2026)
Temporal Distribution
Averages from the UN annual births, 2026 projection
Historical Birth Rate Trends, 1950 to 2026
Birth Statistics, 2021 to 2026
| Year | Births | Birth Rate (per 1,000) | TFR (children/woman) | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2021 | 340,310 | 7.1 | 1.19 | estimate |
| 2022 | 339,675 | 7.1 | 1.21 | estimate |
| 2023 | 336,821 | 7.0 | 1.21 | estimate |
| 2024 | 333,155 | 7.0 | 1.22 | projection |
| 2025 | 330,044 | 6.9 | 1.23 | projection |
| 2026 | 327,412 | 6.8 | 1.24 | projection |
Historical Analysis
Global Context (2026)
Source: UN WPP 2024: births, birth rate and fertility for 2024 and later are medium-variant projections; 1950–2023 are estimates. The live counter is a uniform simulation of the 2026 projection (327,412 births), not a real-time feed.
Median Age Analysis
Spain's median age is 46.3 years
Half the population is younger than 46.3 years, half is older — indicating an aging society
Complete Age Distribution & Youth Demographics
| Age Group | Population | % | Category |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0-4 | 1,697,872 | 3.5% | Youth |
| 5-9 | 1,918,095 | 4.0% | Youth |
| 10-14 | 2,283,390 | 4.8% | Youth |
| 15-19 | 2,578,782 | 5.4% | Young Adult |
| 20-24 | 2,608,620 | 5.5% | Young Adult |
| 25-29 | 2,475,236 | 5.2% | Working Age |
| 30-34 | 2,587,013 | 5.4% | Working Age |
| 35-39 | 2,834,815 | 5.9% | Working Age |
| 40-44 | 3,212,406 | 6.7% | Working Age |
| 45-49 | 3,881,325 | 8.1% | Working Age |
| 50-54 | 3,957,090 | 8.3% | Working Age |
| 55-59 | 3,722,957 | 7.8% | Working Age |
| 60-64 | 3,488,213 | 7.3% | Working Age |
| 65-69 | 2,988,478 | 6.2% | Senior |
| 70-74 | 2,397,319 | 5.0% | Senior |
| 75-79 | 2,042,028 | 4.3% | Senior |
| 80-84 | 1,543,307 | 3.2% | Senior |
| 85-89 | 935,457 | 2.0% | Senior |
| 90-94 | 534,319 | 1.1% | Senior |
| 95-99 | 146,411 | 0.3% | Senior |
| 100+ | 17,659 | 0.0% | Senior |
Demographic Transition Model (DTM) Stage
Stage 5 (natural decrease): deaths outnumber births — 6.8 births and 9.6 deaths per 1,000 people in 2026. Read more about Stage 5 of the Demographic Transition Model.
Fertility Rate & Birth Statistics
Spain Total Fertility Rate: 1.24 children per woman
Below the replacement level of 2.1
Fertility Rate Trends
Historical data (solid line) and future projections (dashed line)
Historical Fertility Trends
| Year | Total Fertility Rate | Birth Rate | Change |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2021 | 1.19 | 7.1 | |
| 2022 | 1.21 | 7.1 | ↑0.02 |
| 2023 | 1.21 | 7.0 | 0.00 |
| 2024 | 1.22 | 7.0 | ↑0.01 |
| 2025 | 1.23 | 6.9 | ↑0.01 |
| 2026 | 1.24 | 6.8 | ↑0.01 |
Global Context
- • World Average: 2.23 children per woman
- • Comparison: Below global average
- • UN projection for 2030: 1.26
Spain's total fertility rate is 1.24 children per woman in 2026 (very low (lowest-low) fertility), below the replacement level of 2.1. Spain ranks 179 of 194 for fertility rate (1 = highest), in the lowest third of countries. The fertility rate has changed by −49.8% since 1950.
Historical Demographic Changes
Between 1950 and 2026, Spain's population has increased by 70.4%.
The median age has increased from 26.5 in 1950 to 46.3 in 2026, indicating population aging.
Understanding Spain's Demographics
Spain has a constrictive population pyramid — a base narrower than the middle, so younger cohorts are smaller than the ones above them.
Children under 15 make up 12.3% of the population and people aged 65 and over 22.2%.
The largest five-year age band is 50–54, at 8.3% of the population, compared with 3.5% in the 0–4 band.
Demographic Analysis: Spain's Population Structure
Demographic Dividend Window
Spain's working-age share peaked in 2007 at 69.0% and is 65.5% in 2026.
Fertility Transition Stage
Spain is in a period of very low (lowest-low) fertility, with a total fertility rate of 1.24 children per woman (2026, UN WPP 2024).
Population Aging Speed
Spain's median age changed by +4.3 years from 2016 to 2026, faster than the world average (+2.6 years).
Key Demographics
| Total Population | 47,850,792 |
| Male Population | 23,482,325(49.1%) |
| Female Population | 24,368,467(50.9%) |
| Median Age | 46.3 years |
| Sex Ratio | 96.4 males per 100 females |
| Youth (0-14) | 5,899,357(12.3%) |
| Working Age (15-64) | 31,346,457(65.5%) |
| Elderly (65+) | 10,604,978(22.2%) |
| Total Dependency Ratio | 52.7 |
| Youth Dependency Ratio | 18.8 |
| Old Age Dependency Ratio | 33.8 |
| Pyramid Type | Constrictive |
Dependency Ratios: Number of dependents per 100 working-age individuals.
Demographic Data Visualizations
Total population, 1950–2026 (UN WPP 2024; 2024 onward are projections).
Median age, 1950–2026 (UN WPP 2024; 2024 onward are projections).
Youth, working-age and elderly shares, 1950 vs 2026 (UN WPP 2024).
Age distribution in 2026: youth, working-age and elderly shares (UN WPP 2024; projection).
Life Expectancy in Spain
How long the average person in Spain is expected to live · sourced from UN WPP 2024
Historical Trend, 1950 → 2026 (plus UN projection to 2100)
Solid: actual · Dashed: medium-variant projectionFuture Demographic Trends
Spain is projected to shrink to 44.9 million people by 2050 (−6.1% from 2026).
The median age rises from 46.3 in 2026 to 51.8 by 2050.
Spain's Demographic Evolution by Decade
The population increased by 11.0%, growing from 33.8 million in 1970 to 37.5 million by 1980
The median age increased by 0.7 years, indicating population aging during this period
The youth population share contracted by 1.9 percentage points
Meanwhile, the elderly population proportion grew by 1.5 percentage points.
Key Demographic Highlights
- • Population changed from 33.8M to 37.5M
- • Growth rate of 11% over the decade
- • Median age shifted from 29.1 to 29.8 years (+0.7y)
- • 65+ share changed by +1.5 points; under-15 share by −1.9 points
How Does Spain Compare to Its Neighbors?
Spain has a younger population than Portugal, Italy. Spain has an older population than France, Morocco.
Frequently Asked Questions About Spain
How does Spain rank globally by population?
Spain ranks 34th in the world by population with 47.9 million people as of 2026, representing 0.58% of the global total of 8.30 billion.
What does Spain's age structure reveal about its development?
Spain's age structure — 12.3% under 15, 65.5% working-age (15–64) and 22.2% aged 65+ — is that of a country in Stage 5 of the demographic transition, with a constrictive population pyramid. The median age is 46.3 years.
What is the dependency ratio in Spain?
Spain has 52.7 people under 15 or aged 65+ per 100 people aged 15–64 in 2026.
Is Spain experiencing a demographic dividend?
Spain has moved past its demographic-dividend window. Spain's working-age share peaked in 2007 at 69.0% and is 65.5% in 2026. The demographic dividend occurs when falling fertility creates a bulge in the working-age population while dependency ratios stay manageable.
What are the gender dynamics in Spain's population?
Spain has more females than males, with 96.4 males per 100 females.
Compare with Other Countries
Data Sources & Methodology
All population data is sourced from the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. The data represents UN medium-variant projections.
Cite this page: Population Pyramids. (2026). Spain Population Pyramid and Demographic Analysis. Retrieved from https://www.populationpyramids.org/spain
View UN World Population Prospects Data →