PopulationPyramids
UN World Population Prospects Data Visualized

China vs Thailand: Population Comparison 2026

China has 1,341,354,473 more people than Thailand (19.7× as many): 1.41 billion vs 71.6 million in 2026. Median age is 40.6 in China and 41.0 in Thailand; fertility is 1.03 vs 1.19 children per woman.

China

2026
0
people
Median age
40.6
Fertility (TFR)
1.03
Working age (15–64)
70.1%
Trend
Declining (-0.22%)

Thailand

2026
0
people
Median age
41.0
Fertility (TFR)
1.19
Working age (15–64)
69.2%
Trend
Declining (-0.08%)

Population pyramids, 2026

Total Population

China

1412.9M

vs

Thailand

71.6M

Youth (0-14)

China

14.8%

vs

Thailand

14.1%

Elderly (65+)

China

15.1%

vs

Thailand

16.7%

Where the two pyramids differ

The pyramids are overlaid so you can read the difference by age and sex: the longer bar in each band marks the country with more people of that age.

📊 Understanding the Population Difference Chart

This visualization shows where and by how much the populations differ between China and Thailand for each age group, split by gender:

Left Side (Males)

Blue = China has more males

Green = Thailand has more males

Right Side (Females)

Pink = China has more females

Orange = Thailand has more females

💡 How to Read: Each age group shows up to 2 bars - one on the left (male difference) and one on the right (female difference). The bar's color tells you which country has more people, and the bar's length shows by how much. For example, if you see a green bar on the left, it means Thailand has more males in that age group.

Notable Differences (>20% variance):

Ages 0-4: China has 1443.0% more people
Men: 22.1M more in China • Women: 20.0M more in China
China: 23.6M men, 21.4M women • Thailand: 1.5M men, 1.4M women
Population Ratio
45.1M
2.9M
Ages 5-9: China has 2141.0% more people
Men: 37.4M more in China • Women: 33.0M more in China
China: 39.1M men, 34.6M women • Thailand: 1.7M men, 1.6M women
Population Ratio
73.6M
3.3M
Ages 10-14: China has 2238.9% more people
Men: 46.5M more in China • Women: 40.1M more in China
China: 48.5M men, 42.0M women • Thailand: 2.0M men, 1.9M women
Population Ratio
90.5M
3.9M
Ages 15-19: China has 1942.9% more people
Men: 44.2M more in China • Women: 37.5M more in China
China: 46.3M men, 39.6M women • Thailand: 2.2M men, 2.0M women
Population Ratio
85.9M
4.2M
Ages 20-24: China has 1585.9% more people
Men: 40.0M more in China • Women: 33.9M more in China
China: 42.4M men, 36.1M women • Thailand: 2.4M men, 2.3M women
Population Ratio
78.6M
4.7M
Ages 25-29: China has 1581.3% more people
Men: 41.3M more in China • Women: 35.4M more in China
China: 43.8M men, 37.8M women • Thailand: 2.5M men, 2.4M women
Population Ratio
81.5M
4.9M
Ages 30-34: China has 1735.3% more people
Men: 46.6M more in China • Women: 41.0M more in China
China: 49.2M men, 43.5M women • Thailand: 2.5M men, 2.5M women
Population Ratio
92.7M
5.0M
Ages 35-39: China has 2353.3% more people
Men: 61.2M more in China • Women: 55.8M more in China
China: 63.7M men, 58.3M women • Thailand: 2.5M men, 2.5M women
Population Ratio
122.0M
5.0M
Ages 40-44: China has 1959.3% more people
Men: 51.8M more in China • Women: 48.6M more in China
China: 54.3M men, 51.2M women • Thailand: 2.5M men, 2.6M women
Population Ratio
105.5M
5.1M
Ages 45-49: China has 1658.8% more people
Men: 44.6M more in China • Women: 42.6M more in China
China: 47.2M men, 45.3M women • Thailand: 2.6M men, 2.7M women
Population Ratio
92.5M
5.3M
Ages 50-54: China has 1977.7% more people
Men: 52.6M more in China • Women: 51.3M more in China
China: 55.1M men, 54.1M women • Thailand: 2.5M men, 2.7M women
Population Ratio
109.2M
5.3M
Ages 55-59: China has 2132.5% more people
Men: 56.5M more in China • Women: 56.6M more in China
China: 59.0M men, 59.4M women • Thailand: 2.5M men, 2.8M women
Population Ratio
118.4M
5.3M
Ages 60-64: China has 2029.6% more people
Men: 48.6M more in China • Women: 50.2M more in China
China: 50.9M men, 52.8M women • Thailand: 2.3M men, 2.6M women
Population Ratio
103.7M
4.9M
Ages 65-69: China has 1489.9% more people
Men: 29.5M more in China • Women: 32.2M more in China
China: 31.4M men, 34.4M women • Thailand: 1.9M men, 2.2M women
Population Ratio
65.8M
4.1M
Ages 70-74: China has 2044.3% more people
Men: 29.3M more in China • Women: 34.6M more in China
China: 30.7M men, 36.4M women • Thailand: 1.4M men, 1.7M women
Population Ratio
67.1M
3.1M
Ages 75-79: China has 1864.6% more people
Men: 17.8M more in China • Women: 22.5M more in China
China: 18.7M men, 23.7M women • Thailand: 920K men, 1.2M women
Population Ratio
42.4M
2.2M
Ages 80-84: China has 1646.5% more people
Men: 8.8M more in China • Women: 12.2M more in China
China: 9.3M men, 13.0M women • Thailand: 516K men, 763K women
Population Ratio
22.3M
1.3M
Ages 85-89: China has 1383.6% more people
Men: 3.9M more in China • Women: 6.6M more in China
China: 4.2M men, 7.1M women • Thailand: 289K men, 474K women
Population Ratio
11.3M
762K
Ages 90-94: China has 1067.9% more people
Men: 1.1M more in China • Women: 2.6M more in China
China: 1.2M men, 2.9M women • Thailand: 123K men, 228K women
Population Ratio
4.1M
351K
Ages 95-99: China has 573.2% more people
Men: 104K more in China • Women: 479K more in China
China: 138K men, 546K women • Thailand: 34K men, 68K women
Population Ratio
685K
102K
Ages 100+: China has 196.9% more people
Men: 1K more in Thailand • Women: 36K more in China
China: 4K men, 48K women • Thailand: 6K men, 12K women
Population Ratio
53K
18K

Demographic comparison, 2026

IndicatorChinaThailandDifference
Population (2026)1,412,914,08871,559,615China has 1.34 billion more (19.7×)
Change 2025–2026-0.2% (Declining)-0.1% (Declining)
Median age (2026)40.641.0Thailand older by 0.3 yrs
Total fertility rate1.03 — 1.07 below replacement1.19 — 0.91 below replacement
Fertility rate, 2030 (UN projection)1.061.20
Birth rate (per 1,000)6.17.9
Population 2050 (UN projection)1.26 billion (-10.8%)66.4 million (-7.2%)
Peak populationPeaks 2021Peaks 2022

Differences by age group, 2026

AgeChina (M / F)Thailand (M / F)Difference
0-423622K / 21432K1505K / 1415KChina has 1443.0% more people aged 0-4
5-939076K / 34560K1692K / 1593KChina has 2141.0% more people aged 5-9
10-1448504K / 41971K1991K / 1877KChina has 2238.9% more people aged 10-14
15-1946340K / 39578K2158K / 2048KChina has 1942.9% more people aged 15-19
20-2442415K / 36142K2378K / 2281KChina has 1585.9% more people aged 20-24
25-2943779K / 37771K2481K / 2369KChina has 1581.3% more people aged 25-29
30-3449168K / 43509K2545K / 2504KChina has 1735.3% more people aged 30-34
35-3963689K / 58292K2487K / 2485KChina has 2353.3% more people aged 35-39
40-4454302K / 51171K2532K / 2590KChina has 1959.3% more people aged 40-44
45-4947164K / 45301K2564K / 2693KChina has 1658.8% more people aged 45-49
50-5455143K / 54078K2508K / 2749KChina has 1977.7% more people aged 50-54
55-5959034K / 59415K2495K / 2811KChina has 2132.5% more people aged 55-59
60-6450868K / 52813K2265K / 2604KChina has 2029.6% more people aged 60-64
65-6931394K / 34434K1897K / 2243KChina has 1489.9% more people aged 65-69
70-7430704K / 36375K1387K / 1742KChina has 2044.3% more people aged 70-74
75-7918688K / 23697K920K / 1237KChina has 1864.6% more people aged 75-79
80-849335K / 13004K516K / 763KChina has 1646.5% more people aged 80-84
85-894220K / 7092K289K / 474KChina has 1383.6% more people aged 85-89
90-941221K / 2877K123K / 228KChina has 1067.9% more people aged 90-94
95-99138K / 546K34K / 68KChina has 573.2% more people aged 95-99
100+4K / 48K6K / 12KChina has 196.9% more people aged 100+

Frequently Asked Questions

Which has more people, China or Thailand?

China has more: 1.41 billion vs 71.6 million in 2026 — 19.7× as many, 1.34 billion more people.

Which country is older?

Thailand, with a median age of 41.0 vs 40.6 in China (2026).

Which has higher fertility?

Thailand, at 1.19 children per woman vs 1.03 in China. Replacement is 2.1, so both are below it.

How will China and Thailand compare in 2050?

By 2050 the UN projects China at 1.26 billion (-10.8% from 2026) and Thailand at 66.4 million (-7.2%).

Are China and Thailand growing or shrinking?

China is declining (-0.2% in 2026); Thailand is declining (-0.1%).

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China population pyramid→Thailand population pyramid→

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